- Figures of speech:
- Simile: direct comparison (like, as)
- Metaphor: indirect comparison
- Personnification: bringing life or giving human qualities to something
- Apostrophe: addressing someone directly
- Hyperbole: exageration
- Oxymoron: opposite ideas "the sounds of silence"
- Euphony vs cacophony
- Onomatopeia: sounds that imitate meaning "the buzzing of the bees"
- Connotation vs denotation: literal meaning vs suggestive meaning
- Concrete vs abstractions
- Level of language: formal "child", informal "kid", slang "squirt".
- Rhymes:
- Alliterary: repetition of consonant sounds
- Assonance: repetition of vowel sounds
- Consonance
- Imagery: 5 senses (sounds, visuals, touch, taste, smell)
- Symbolism
- Irony
- Pun: fun use of language "A bicycle can't stand alone because it is two-tired"
10/05/2009
How to analyze a poem through...
Diction:
10/04/2009
Hills Like White Elephants
Vocabulary:
Thesis statement:
Hemingway uses two literary elements: setting and symbolism to explore the issue of "abortion."
"Though the word “abortion” is nowhere in the story, it is doubtlessly understood through Hemingway’s powerful use of two literary elements: setting and symbolism."
P1: topic sentence main idea (supporting evidence (quotation), supporting evidence):
"From the first paragraph the setting immediately introduces the tense atmosphere that will surround the rest of the story."
Setting (Spain, rail station) to describe the tense atmosphere between Jig and the American.
Supporting evidence: "The two lines of rails in the sun."
Supporting evidence: "The openness and loneliness around the railroad station imply that there is no way to back out of the problem at hand and that the man and the girl must address it now."
P2: t.s. :
"When the girl sees the long and white hills she says that “they look like white elephants.”"
Supporting evidence: "As she observes the white hills she foresees elatedly the birth of her baby – something unique like the uncommon white elephant."
Supporting evidence: "Just as the girl appreciates the panorama and its connection to her unborn child the “shadow of a cloud,” which represents the abortion of the fetus, overcomes her happiness"
P3: t.s. :
Supporting evidence: ""
Supporting evidence: ""
P4: t.s. :
Supporting evidence: ""
Supporting evidence: ""
- felt: any matted fabric or material
- reales: a former silver coin of Spain and Spanish America, the eighth part of a peso
Ernest Hemingway:
- Journalist (Toronto)
- Bad relationship with women (married five times)
- Committed suicide (just like his father...)
- Won the Nobel Litterature Prize in 1953
- Also won the Pulitzer Prize
- Lived in Paris and Spain
- The story was based on his own life and the second pregnancy of his first wife
- He had trouble communicating
Plan:
Hemingway uses two literary elements: setting and symbolism to explore the issue of "abortion."
"Though the word “abortion” is nowhere in the story, it is doubtlessly understood through Hemingway’s powerful use of two literary elements: setting and symbolism."
"From the first paragraph the setting immediately introduces the tense atmosphere that will surround the rest of the story."
Setting (Spain, rail station) to describe the tense atmosphere between Jig and the American.
Supporting evidence: "The two lines of rails in the sun."
Supporting evidence: "The openness and loneliness around the railroad station imply that there is no way to back out of the problem at hand and that the man and the girl must address it now."
"When the girl sees the long and white hills she says that “they look like white elephants.”"
Supporting evidence: "As she observes the white hills she foresees elatedly the birth of her baby – something unique like the uncommon white elephant."
Supporting evidence: "Just as the girl appreciates the panorama and its connection to her unborn child the “shadow of a cloud,” which represents the abortion of the fetus, overcomes her happiness"
Supporting evidence: ""
Supporting evidence: ""
Supporting evidence: ""
Supporting evidence: ""
The Nightingale and the Rose
Vocabulary:
1. holm-oak: an evergreen oak, Quercus ilex, of southern Europe, having foliage resembling that of the holly
2. wretched: very unfortunate in condition or circumstances; miserable; pitiable
3. clasped: to seize, grasp, or grip with the hand
4. Nightingale: any of several small, Old World, migratory birds of the thrush family, esp. Luscinia megarhynchos, of Europe, noted for the melodious song of the male, given chiefly at night during the breeding season
5. courtiers: a person who is often in attendance at the court of a king or other royal personage
6. mermaidens:
7. fans: Physical Geography
8. bluebells: any of numerous plants of the bellflower family, having blue, bell-shaped flowers, as a bellflower or harebell
9. frankincense: an aromatic gum resin from various Asian and African trees of the genus Boswellia, esp. B. carteri, used chiefly for burning as incense in religious or ceremonial practices, in perfumery, and in pharmaceutical and fumigating preparations
10. cynic: a person who shows or expresses a bitterly or sneeringly cynical attitude
Oscar Wilde:
Student: (NAIVETÉ / CYNICISM)In The Nightingale and the Rose, the student has a very unpredictable personality: he represents the typical human being. For example: when the princess refuses to dance with him, he immediately gives up on love even though he has been in love with the princess from the beginning.
Red Rose: (TRUE LOVE THAT BECOMES UNREQUITED LOVE) In the story, the red rose is the symbol of true love brought by sacrifice (the Nightingale's life was the sacrifice).
Oak Tree: (WISDOM) The oak tree played the role of the fatherly figure in this story. The oak tree had to let go of the Nightingale which for so long, rested up in his branches.
Princess: (MATERIALISM) In The Nightingale and the Rose, the princess represented materialism. This is shown when she chooses to reject the prince because the rose he gives her will not go with her dress. Another reason for which she chooses to reject him is because she believes that the jewels the Chamberlain's nephew gave her are worth far more than a simple red rose (when in fact, the red rose was worth much more: the life of the Nightingale who sacrificed himself for true love).
Nightingale: (GOODNESS / VIRTUE / SACRIFICE / COMPASSION) The Nightingale played a very important role in this short story: it represented sacrifice made in the honour of love. The Nightingale believes in true love and that love is more important than life.
Images:
Oscar Wilde was an Irish playwright, poet, and author of numerous short stories as well as one novel from the Victorian Era. He lived from October of 1854 until November of 1900. Throughout this time period, he was a very well known figure. He became one of the biggest celebrities of his day due to his biting wit but also, because he was one of the most successful playwrights. He was deeply affected by beauty and lead a very flamboyant life (just like his clothes!). Wilde did not follow the norm of the typical Victorian styles. In fact, he was frequently made fun of; many would publibly mock (or caricaturize) him. His sometimes homoerotic themes also gave the public a reason to speak of him; he was subject to controversy. Although many did not appreciate him, he definitely made his mark with his wit as well as with his style.
Oscar Wilde was a very successful author and has been an inspiration for many. He is most commonly known for his play, The Importance of Being Ernest, which is still commonly played (just like many more of his works). Many of his works have been translated to several languages, and have been adapted to our stages and screens up until this day. Because he has been such an inspiration, many other authors have written plays (Leslie and Swell Stokes' 1936, Oscar Wilde), and made movies (two of which were released in 1960, one of which was inspired on the Stokes' play) in his honour.
1. holm-oak: an evergreen oak, Quercus ilex, of southern Europe, having foliage resembling that of the holly
2. wretched: very unfortunate in condition or circumstances; miserable; pitiable
3. clasped: to seize, grasp, or grip with the hand
4. Nightingale: any of several small, Old World, migratory birds of the thrush family, esp. Luscinia megarhynchos, of Europe, noted for the melodious song of the male, given chiefly at night during the breeding season
5. courtiers: a person who is often in attendance at the court of a king or other royal personage
6. mermaidens:
7. fans: Physical Geography
8. bluebells: any of numerous plants of the bellflower family, having blue, bell-shaped flowers, as a bellflower or harebell
9. frankincense: an aromatic gum resin from various Asian and African trees of the genus Boswellia, esp. B. carteri, used chiefly for burning as incense in religious or ceremonial practices, in perfumery, and in pharmaceutical and fumigating preparations
10. cynic: a person who shows or expresses a bitterly or sneeringly cynical attitude
Oscar Wilde:
- Victorian Era
- known for The Importance of Being Ernest
- he was accused for being a homosexual and went to kail for two years because of his accusation.
- Before he was sentenced, he was married and had two sons
- He dedicated his short story, The Nightingale and the Rose to his two sons
Student: (NAIVETÉ / CYNICISM)In The Nightingale and the Rose, the student has a very unpredictable personality: he represents the typical human being. For example: when the princess refuses to dance with him, he immediately gives up on love even though he has been in love with the princess from the beginning.
Red Rose: (TRUE LOVE THAT BECOMES UNREQUITED LOVE) In the story, the red rose is the symbol of true love brought by sacrifice (the Nightingale's life was the sacrifice).
Oak Tree: (WISDOM) The oak tree played the role of the fatherly figure in this story. The oak tree had to let go of the Nightingale which for so long, rested up in his branches.
Princess: (MATERIALISM) In The Nightingale and the Rose, the princess represented materialism. This is shown when she chooses to reject the prince because the rose he gives her will not go with her dress. Another reason for which she chooses to reject him is because she believes that the jewels the Chamberlain's nephew gave her are worth far more than a simple red rose (when in fact, the red rose was worth much more: the life of the Nightingale who sacrificed himself for true love).
Nightingale: (GOODNESS / VIRTUE / SACRIFICE / COMPASSION) The Nightingale played a very important role in this short story: it represented sacrifice made in the honour of love. The Nightingale believes in true love and that love is more important than life.
Images:
- Personnification: The Nightingale, the oak tree, the rose trees, the butterfly, the lizard, and the flower are all able to speak. The Nightingale is also capable of feelings.
- Simile: "His hair is as dark as the hyacinth -blossom, his lips are as red as the rose of his desire; but passion has made his face like pale ivory"
- Metaphor: "Flame-coloured are his wings"
- Alliteration: "You must build it of music by moonlight" (the sound "m")
- Assonance: "Like the flush in the face of the bridgroom when he kisses the lips of the bride" ( the two different sounds of the letter "i")
- Consonance: "Crimson was the girdle of the pedals, and crimson as the ruby was the heart"
Oscar Wilde was an Irish playwright, poet, and author of numerous short stories as well as one novel from the Victorian Era. He lived from October of 1854 until November of 1900. Throughout this time period, he was a very well known figure. He became one of the biggest celebrities of his day due to his biting wit but also, because he was one of the most successful playwrights. He was deeply affected by beauty and lead a very flamboyant life (just like his clothes!). Wilde did not follow the norm of the typical Victorian styles. In fact, he was frequently made fun of; many would publibly mock (or caricaturize) him. His sometimes homoerotic themes also gave the public a reason to speak of him; he was subject to controversy. Although many did not appreciate him, he definitely made his mark with his wit as well as with his style.
Oscar Wilde was a very successful author and has been an inspiration for many. He is most commonly known for his play, The Importance of Being Ernest, which is still commonly played (just like many more of his works). Many of his works have been translated to several languages, and have been adapted to our stages and screens up until this day. Because he has been such an inspiration, many other authors have written plays (Leslie and Swell Stokes' 1936, Oscar Wilde), and made movies (two of which were released in 1960, one of which was inspired on the Stokes' play) in his honour.
9/21/2009
Sentence Patterns
Vocabulary:
S = subject
V = verb
P = prepositional phrase
M = modify
DO = direct object
IO = indirect object
IC = independent clause: complete idea (s+v)
DC = dependent clause: incomplete idea (v)
; = semi-colon
: = colon
, = comma
CC = coordinating conjuction (fanboys)
CA = conjuctive adverb: morover, then, thus, hence, however, therefore... (one syllable: no comma afterwards)
" " = quotation marks
- = hyphen
— = dash
A background: the sentence
sentence: complete idea (s+v). simple or complex (2 ICs)
ex. CSL (s) has 3200 talented (m) students, which are really interesting (dc).
phrase: incomplete idea (no v)
clause: independent or dependent
Pattern 1:
IC; IC
ex. Hard work is only one dire of the equation; talent is the other.
Some people dream of being something; others stay awake and are.
Most of us choose our fate; some let others decide.
The narrator in "The Tell-Tale Heart" claimed he was sane; the police thought otherwise.
Pattern 1A:
IC; CA, IC
ex. The story was not very interesting; therefore, it is not worth reading.
Edgar Allan Poe had a very unusual ; thus wrote many bizarre stories.
The princess was very cunning and manipulative; consequentely, she was able to discover the secret of the two doors.
Pattern 1B:
IC; IC, CC
ex. The old man had always been nice to me; however, his glass eye bothered me, and this is why I had to get rid of him.
The princess was very cunning and manipulative, consequentely, she was able to discover the secret of the two doors, and she used it to decide the lover's fate.
Frank Stockton started out as a woodcarver; he later became a writer, for it was something that he loved.
Pattern 2:
IC: IC
General statement : specific statement
ex. Darwin's Origin of Species forcibly states a harsh truth: only the fittest survive.
The empty coffin in the middle of crypt had a single horrifying meaning: Dracula had awakened to search for fresh blood.
The princess had the fate of her lover in her hands: he could live or he could die.
Wilde expresses a universal sentiment: love is more powerful than logic.
Pattern 3:
a series, A,B,C;
S = subject
V = verb
P = prepositional phrase
M = modify
DO = direct object
IO = indirect object
IC = independent clause: complete idea (s+v)
DC = dependent clause: incomplete idea (v)
; = semi-colon
: = colon
, = comma
CC = coordinating conjuction (fanboys)
CA = conjuctive adverb: morover, then, thus, hence, however, therefore... (one syllable: no comma afterwards)
" " = quotation marks
- = hyphen
— = dash
A background: the sentence
sentence: complete idea (s+v). simple or complex (2 ICs)
ex. CSL (s) has 3200 talented (m) students, which are really interesting (dc).
phrase: incomplete idea (no v)
clause: independent or dependent
Pattern 1:
IC; IC
ex. Hard work is only one dire of the equation; talent is the other.
Some people dream of being something; others stay awake and are.
Most of us choose our fate; some let others decide.
The narrator in "The Tell-Tale Heart" claimed he was sane; the police thought otherwise.
Pattern 1A:
IC; CA, IC
ex. The story was not very interesting; therefore, it is not worth reading.
Edgar Allan Poe had a very unusual ; thus wrote many bizarre stories.
The princess was very cunning and manipulative; consequentely, she was able to discover the secret of the two doors.
Pattern 1B:
IC; IC, CC
ex. The old man had always been nice to me; however, his glass eye bothered me, and this is why I had to get rid of him.
The princess was very cunning and manipulative, consequentely, she was able to discover the secret of the two doors, and she used it to decide the lover's fate.
Frank Stockton started out as a woodcarver; he later became a writer, for it was something that he loved.
Pattern 2:
IC: IC
General statement : specific statement
ex. Darwin's Origin of Species forcibly states a harsh truth: only the fittest survive.
The empty coffin in the middle of crypt had a single horrifying meaning: Dracula had awakened to search for fresh blood.
The princess had the fate of her lover in her hands: he could live or he could die.
Wilde expresses a universal sentiment: love is more powerful than logic.
Pattern 3:
a series, A,B,C;
9/20/2009
An Occurence at Owl Creek Bridge
Vocabulary:
1. swift: moving or capable of moving with great speed or velocity; fleet; rapid
2. stout: bulky in figure; heavily built; corpulent; thickset
3. stockade: Fortification. a defensive barrier consisting of strong posts or timbers fixed upright in the ground
4. protruded: to thrust forward; cause to project
5. spanned: to extend over or across (a section of land, a river, etc.)
6. unsteadfast:
7. sluggish: moving slowly, or having little motion, as a stream
8. gray-clad:
9. picket: a post, stake, pale, or peg that is used in a fence or barrier, to fasten down a tent, etc.
10. famished: extremely hungry
Story:
was written in 1892.
When?
Civil War, 1860s
Where?
Alabama
Peyton Farquhar:
slave owner
spy: dressed in gray, but he was a blue soldier
driftwood: bridge
Ambrose Bierce:
* he was born in 1862 in Ohio.
* was a major in the union army (blue army)
* married after the war
* did not care for religion
* got a job writing for a newspaper after the war (harsh critic) (made several ennemies: Oscar Wilde)
* no one knows what happened to him near the end of his life; he disapeared. (Mexico...)
* influences on him:
ex. "Sound of the watch was like the stroke of a blacksmith's hammer upon the anvil.
1. swift: moving or capable of moving with great speed or velocity; fleet; rapid
2. stout: bulky in figure; heavily built; corpulent; thickset
3. stockade: Fortification. a defensive barrier consisting of strong posts or timbers fixed upright in the ground
4. protruded: to thrust forward; cause to project
5. spanned: to extend over or across (a section of land, a river, etc.)
6. unsteadfast:
7. sluggish: moving slowly, or having little motion, as a stream
8. gray-clad:
9. picket: a post, stake, pale, or peg that is used in a fence or barrier, to fasten down a tent, etc.
10. famished: extremely hungry
Story:
was written in 1892.
When?
Civil War, 1860s
Where?
Alabama
Peyton Farquhar:
slave owner
spy: dressed in gray, but he was a blue soldier
driftwood: bridge
Ambrose Bierce:
* he was born in 1862 in Ohio.
* was a major in the union army (blue army)
* married after the war
* did not care for religion
* got a job writing for a newspaper after the war (harsh critic) (made several ennemies: Oscar Wilde)
* no one knows what happened to him near the end of his life; he disapeared. (Mexico...)
* influences on him:
- his uncle was a general: influenced him to be in the army
- his father: had a library, so he grew to like reading
- he decided to write because he could not fight in the war any longer, which is why his stories treat the subject of war.
ex. "Sound of the watch was like the stroke of a blacksmith's hammer upon the anvil.
- "He dug his fingers into the sand, threw it over himself in handfuls and audibly blessed it. It looked like diamonds, rubies, emeralds; he could think of nothing beautiful which it did not resemble."
- "They hurt his ear like the thrust of a knife; " (the sounds)
- " The wind made in their branches the music of Aeolian harps."
- " his brain was on fire;"
- " The black bodies of the trees formed a straight wall on both sides, terminating on the horizon in a point, like a diagram in a lesson in perspective."
9/14/2009
The Lady or the Tiger
Frank Stockton, author of The Lady or the Tiger?
* 1834- 1902.
* American author, born in Philedelphia.
* Writer in the 1860's. First published book in 1867.
* Wrote for children as well as for adults.
* The Lady or the Tiger? was written in 1882.
Vocabulary
1. barbaric: without civilizing influences; uncivilized; primitive
2. florid: reddish; ruddy; rosy
3. untrammeled: not limited or restricted; unrestrained
4. exuberant: effusively and almost uninhibitedly enthusiastic; lavishly abundant
5. withal: in spite of all; nevertheless
6. genial: warmly and pleasantly cheerful; cordial
7. orbs: a sphere or globe
8. asserted: resting on a statement or claim unsupported by evidence or proof; alleged
9. rhapsodies: Music. an instrumental composition irregular in form and suggestive of improvisation
10. barleycorn: barley
Vocabulary:
1. will: wish or desire
2. valour: boldness or determination in facing great danger
3. poetic justice: an ideal distribution of rewards and punishments
4. wails: a wailing cry, as of grief, pain or despair
5. mourners: a person who grieves a death
6. dire: terrible or calamitous circumstances
7. fate: that which is inevitably predetermined, destiny
8. fair: free from blemish, imperfection, or anything that impairs the appearance, quality, or character
9. choristers: members of a singing choir
10. maidens: an unmarried girl or woman
11. the apple of his eye: something, or someone, cherished above others
12. unsurpassed: something that is the best, and cannot be improved
13. startling: surprising, alarming and unexpected
14. damsels: a young woman or girl; a maiden, originally one of gentle or noble birth
15. glances: a quick or brief look
16. mazes: something that is made up of confusing and compex elements
17. fangs: any of the canine teeth of a carnivorous animal with which it seizes and tears it's prey
18. gnashed: grinding teeth with anticipation and nervousness
19. shriek: a loud, sharp, shrill cry
20. anguished: feeling great mental pain/disconfort while facing a conundrum
Question:
What advice would you give the lover boy and why?
I would tell the lover boy to chose the door that the princess did not point to. He should aknowledge the princess' barbarism and her strong feelings of hate and jealousy. The princess seemed to be more torn up about the idea of seeing him happy with the maiden (whom she does not like) rather than seeing him dead. Jealousy is a feeling that can often push ones proper sense of judgement to the side and I believe that the princess' judgement would have been influenced by her jealousy.
* 1834- 1902.
* American author, born in Philedelphia.
* Writer in the 1860's. First published book in 1867.
* Wrote for children as well as for adults.
* The Lady or the Tiger? was written in 1882.
Vocabulary
1. barbaric: without civilizing influences; uncivilized; primitive
2. florid: reddish; ruddy; rosy
3. untrammeled: not limited or restricted; unrestrained
4. exuberant: effusively and almost uninhibitedly enthusiastic; lavishly abundant
5. withal: in spite of all; nevertheless
6. genial: warmly and pleasantly cheerful; cordial
7. orbs: a sphere or globe
8. asserted: resting on a statement or claim unsupported by evidence or proof; alleged
9. rhapsodies: Music. an instrumental composition irregular in form and suggestive of improvisation
10. barleycorn: barley
Vocabulary:
1. will: wish or desire
2. valour: boldness or determination in facing great danger
3. poetic justice: an ideal distribution of rewards and punishments
4. wails: a wailing cry, as of grief, pain or despair
5. mourners: a person who grieves a death
6. dire: terrible or calamitous circumstances
7. fate: that which is inevitably predetermined, destiny
8. fair: free from blemish, imperfection, or anything that impairs the appearance, quality, or character
9. choristers: members of a singing choir
10. maidens: an unmarried girl or woman
11. the apple of his eye: something, or someone, cherished above others
12. unsurpassed: something that is the best, and cannot be improved
13. startling: surprising, alarming and unexpected
14. damsels: a young woman or girl; a maiden, originally one of gentle or noble birth
15. glances: a quick or brief look
16. mazes: something that is made up of confusing and compex elements
17. fangs: any of the canine teeth of a carnivorous animal with which it seizes and tears it's prey
18. gnashed: grinding teeth with anticipation and nervousness
19. shriek: a loud, sharp, shrill cry
20. anguished: feeling great mental pain/disconfort while facing a conundrum
Question:
What advice would you give the lover boy and why?
I would tell the lover boy to chose the door that the princess did not point to. He should aknowledge the princess' barbarism and her strong feelings of hate and jealousy. The princess seemed to be more torn up about the idea of seeing him happy with the maiden (whom she does not like) rather than seeing him dead. Jealousy is a feeling that can often push ones proper sense of judgement to the side and I believe that the princess' judgement would have been influenced by her jealousy.
Speaking Criteria
1. Delivery, loudness, pace, pronunciation, enthusiasm, movement (eye contact, body, hands/arms).
2. Content:
Introduction:
-give overview
-ask a question
-give a statistic
-anectote (or joke)
-quotation
*pick your words carefully.
*visual device: powerpoint, board, picture...
3. Organization:
-markers
-transitional words: sequencing (first, second, finally, then...)
-conclusion (summarizes)
4. Language:
-vocabulary
-grammar
2. Content:
Introduction:
-give overview
-ask a question
-give a statistic
-anectote (or joke)
-quotation
*pick your words carefully.
*visual device: powerpoint, board, picture...
3. Organization:
-markers
-transitional words: sequencing (first, second, finally, then...)
-conclusion (summarizes)
4. Language:
-vocabulary
-grammar
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